What phenomenon produces induced current or voltage?

Induced current or voltage arises from the process of electromagnetic induction. This phenomenon occurs when a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF), leading to the generation of electrical current in a conductor.

In practical applications, this is often observed in scenarios such as generators, where mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy by moving a conductor through a magnetic field or by varying the magnetic field around a stationary conductor.

In contrast to the other concepts listed, direct current refers specifically to a flow of electric charge in one direction and does not inherently produce induction effects. Resistance is a property of materials that opposes the flow of electric current and does not generate current or voltage by itself. Capacitance pertains to the ability of a system to store an electric charge and is related to the behavior of capacitors, but does not involve the creation of current or voltage from a changing magnetic field. Thus, electromagnetic induction is uniquely responsible for producing induced currents or voltages.