What is the work done to move an object in a gravitational field called?

The work done to move an object in a gravitational field is referred to as gravitational potential energy. This energy is specifically associated with an object's position relative to a gravitational source, typically the Earth. When work is performed to lift an object against the force of gravity, energy is transferred to the object, resulting in an increase in its gravitational potential energy.

As the object is elevated, it gains energy due to its position in the gravitational field. This energy can be calculated using the formula ( \text{Potential Energy (PE)} = mgh ), where ( m ) is the mass of the object, ( g ) is the acceleration due to gravity, and ( h ) is the height above a reference point.

Other forms of energy mentioned, such as kinetic energy, refer specifically to the energy of motion rather than position; mechanical energy encompasses both kinetic and potential energy but does not specifically identify the work done in a gravitational field; and thermal energy relates to the energy associated with the temperature and molecular motion of a substance. Thus, gravitational potential energy is the most accurate term for the work done in this context.