What is the term for orbits where the satellite has a period of 24 hours?

Orbits where the satellite has a period of 24 hours are known as geosynchronous orbits. In these orbits, a satellite appears to remain in a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface, as it matches the Earth's rotation period. This type of orbit allows the satellite to maintain a consistent view of specific areas on the planet, making it particularly useful for communications, weather monitoring, and surveillance.

The defining feature of geosynchronous orbits is that they have an orbital altitude of approximately 35,786 kilometers above the equator, where the gravitational pull perfectly balances the satellite's centripetal force at that altitude, permitting it to stay in sync with the Earth's rotation. Other types of orbits, such as low Earth orbits, are characterized by significantly shorter periods typically ranging from about 90 to 120 minutes, which do not correspond with the 24-hour rotation of the Earth.