What is the primary function of a step-up transformer?

A step-up transformer is designed to increase the voltage from the primary side to the secondary side while proportionally decreasing the current. This is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where the transformer uses alternating current to induce a voltage in the secondary coil through the magnetic field created by the primary coil.

In more technical terms, the voltage increase is governed by the turns ratio of the primary to secondary coils; with more turns on the secondary coil than on the primary, the transformer steps up the voltage. This function is essential in many applications, such as in electrical transmission systems, where higher voltages are used to efficiently transmit power over long distances, reducing energy losses associated with resistance in the conductive materials.

Therefore, the function of a step-up transformer is primarily to increase voltage, making it a crucial component in power distribution networks.