What device allows the manipulation of charged particles by electric and magnetic fields?

The cathode ray tube is a device that utilizes electric and magnetic fields to manipulate charged particles, specifically electrons. Inside the tube, electrons are emitted from a heated filament and accelerated towards the anode by an electric field. Once the electrons are moving, magnetic fields can further influence their trajectory. By adjusting the electric and magnetic fields, the path of the electron beam can be controlled, which is essential for directing the rays to create images on a display screen. This manipulation is a fundamental principle behind technologies like television and computer monitors in older models.

The other options, while they each play significant roles in various technological applications, do not primarily focus on the manipulation of charged particles through electric and magnetic fields. For example, a photovoltaic cell converts light energy into electrical energy but does not manipulate charged particles. A transformer changes voltage levels in alternating current circuits through electromagnetic induction, which involves magnetic fields but not the direct manipulation of charged particles. A superconductor, while exhibiting unique properties concerning electricity, particularly resistance, does not function specifically to manipulate charged particles in the way described in the question.